In the absence of existing retaining walls, run a taut string line or tape measure down the garden. The tie line in construction surveying is any type of dimensioning, whether it is linear, a radius, or another means of measuring off of another entity, that allows the accurate determination of a structure or other required location, on a property. Aug 16, 2017 chain survey is the simplest method of surveying. Now offsets like building, trees, electric posts etc.
To measure the acreage of a small square parcel, multiply the width and height in as and move the decimal point three places to the left. This is the preliminary survey in which to the survey party will examine the plot to be surveyed in order to know as to how the. Tie line a survey line that connects a point to other surveyed lines. In this survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. Offsets and ties are simple survey techniques that require two people to make the measurements.
Oct 16, 2016 offsets and ties are simple survey techniques that require two people to make the measurements. The first step for both methods is to set out a tape measure through the centre of the area to be recorded, this is called a baseline tape baseline a. An area one chain wide by ten chains long was exactly an acre. Occupy these points for three 3 hours minimum using a 5second epoch rate. Chain sinnet how to tie a chain sinnet using stepbystep. It is longest main survey line on a fairly level ground and passing through the center of the area. Main stations are the end of lines that determine the boundary of the surveying. It measures a series of straight lines on the ground with a chain or tape measure and all fixed points relative to the line of traverse either by right angles offsets or tie lines. It is run to take the interior details which are far away from the main lines and also. Differentiate between check line and tie line in chain. Different types of lines that are used in chain surveying like base line, check line, tie line. Tie stations are points which are specified on the chain line main survey lines where it is required to identify interior details like buildings and fences. Blm bureau of land management bm survey bench mark back mine the roof of a horizontal opening such as an adit, drift or crosscut back bearing survey the bearing at the opposite end of a line from the observer as measured from the. The first step for both methods is to set out a tape measure through the centre of the area to be recorded, this is called a baseline tape baseline a tape measure laid between two control points.
A tie line joints, fixed points on the main survey lines. This was a position of some responsibility, and the chain carriers took an oath as. They may also occur at any convenient position on the chain line. A b 180 electric pole 168 tree 142 120 85 10 27 40 line da linega fence 5 12 20 30 35 t1 line t1 t2 tie linebc line be. Instruments used in chain survey chain used for surveying. Oblique offsets are taken when the objects are at a long distance from the chain line or when it is not possible to set up a right angle due to some difficulties. Chain surveying the simplest method of surveying in which only linear measurements are made and no angular measurements are taken. It is the most important line, fixes up the directions of all other lines. An assistant holds the end of the tape on the object. Chain survey free download as powerpoint presentation.
Simply, chainage is nothing except the measurement using the chain. In chain survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such. The tie line in construction surveying is any type of dimensioning, whether it is linear, a radius, or another means of measuring off of another entity, that allows the accurate determination of a structure or other required location, on a. Chain used for chain surveying each link at the end is bent into a loop and is connected to adjoiningly by means of three oval rings which offers flexibility to the chain. Chain surveying is the basic and oldest type of surveying. The surveyor swings the tape on chain line and selects the point on the chain where offset distance is the least fig. Points marked along the chain lines are called subsidiary or tie stations.
It is the method of surveying in which the area is divided into network of triangles and the sides of the various triangles are measured directly. Gunters chain was 22 yards long, one tenth of a furlong, a common unit of length in the old days. It helps to check the accuracy of surveying and to locate the interior details. Chain surveying is the simplest method of surveying. They are at the beginning or end of a tie or subsidiary line. Field book is an oblong book hinged at the narrow edge having a chain represented in it either by one or two red or blue lines ruled down the centre of the length of each page. In chain surveying various points are located by measuring distance is the help of chain or tape for smaller area, details of various points can be collected using ties and offset. The last method isnt accurate over long distances as the string line will dip in the middle.
Make another loop and tuck it into the previous loop. If carefully done, it gives quite accurate results. Chain surveying method in civil engineering, how to. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details. What is a tie line definition of tie line in construction. A b 180 electric pole 168 tree 142 120 85 10 27 40 line da linega fence. The area to be surveyed is divided into a number of small triangles.
End points of a chain line are called stations and the station on beginning or end of main chain line is called main survey station. Surveying made easy gate handwritten classroom notes pdf. It helps to checking the accuracy of surveying and to locate the interior details. The chain line joining two main survey stations is called main survey line tie line or sub line. Since the accuracy of the whole survey work depends upon the accuracy of the base line, it should be laid off on the ground level as much as possible. It helps in checking the accuracy of surveying and to locate the interior details. Links of chain are made by mild steel wire 4mm diameter. Here, by the word chain i actually mean to series i. Offsets are lateral distances measured from a survey line to the point to information is to be. The length of the check line tie line is a line which joints measured in the field must agree subsidiary stations or tie stations on with its length of the plan. Compass a device for determining directions by means of a magnetic needle or group of. A frame a measuring device built in the shape of an a. Chain survey procedure, applicability, survey stations and their. The principle involved in chain survey is of triangulation.
Chain survey method for performing chain surveying how to. Principles and methods of surveying in civil engineering. Jun 16, 2015 chain surveying, it is a method of surveying in which no angles are measured but only linear measurement is taken in the field by using a chain or tape measure. Atie line is that line which joins some fixed points called stations on the main survey lines. The lines joining the main stations are called main survey lines or chain lines in fig. Check line joins the apex of main triangle with any fixed point on other two sides of triangles. Chain surveying and terms used in chain surveying youtube. Use a spirit level to make sure your string line is level and measure the difference in height as also shown in green on the close up of figure 7 below. Method of setting offset to the chain line chain surveying principles have so far. A tie line joints two fixed points on the main survey lines.
Selection of the station, measurement of lines and taking offsets of different objects in the field reconnaissance. Chain surveying is considered to be the simplest method of surveying in which measurements are taken in. Surveying made easy gate handwritten classroom notes pdf download. A line joining tie stations is termed as a tie line. Offsets to corner points b, c, e and f are now laid from the chain line ad either by tape or crossstaff and their foot of offsets are g, i, j, h respectively. Gunters chain unit of length equal to 66 feet, or 4 poles. In chain surveying the sides of the triangles are measured directly on the field by chain or tape, and no angular measurements are taken. A chain line journey two tie station is called sub line. Chain surveying definition, details, procedure civil engineering. Base line should pass through the center of the area. The line on which the framework of the survey is built is known as the base line. But it does not give correct length owing to wear on the metal to metal surfaces, bending of links, mud between the bearing surface etc and the biggest disadvantage is its weight which is difficult to carry and suspend types of chains used in surveying.
In this case ad is the longest and a chain line running from a to d is laid. Chain survey procedure, applicability, survey stations and. Angles of triangles must not be less than 30 degree and greater than 120 degree. Developed by english polymath edmund gunter early in the 1600s, the standard measuring chain revolutionized surveying. Pdf key points on chain surveying araen shinge academia. The necessary requirements for field work are chain, tape, ranging rod, arrows. The chain lines joining the tie stations or subsidiary stations are. Tie stations are points which are specified on the chain line main survey lines where it is required to identify.
Surveyor swings the tape on chain line and selects the point on chain where offset distance is the least fig. Base line in the plss, a line of latitude running through an initial point. These stations are also subsidiary stations taken on the main survey lines. With detailed knowledge of the construction, building and mining industries, our surveyors are able to draw upon a large base of experience to meet specific challenges. Tie line joins two fixed points on main survey lines and it checks the accuracy of surveyinf as well as it helps in showing the details of the surveyed field. Here, the tie lines and check lines control the accuracy of work. On the first session, occupy tgrn a, tgrn b, and the first and last points on the project. Study of various instruments used in chain surveying and their uses instruments. These are also subsidiary stations taken on the main survey lines to locate the details of the object. Principles and methods of surveying in civil engineering projects. Chain surveying, it is a method of surveying in which no angles are measured but only linear measurement is taken in the field by using a chain or tape measure. Littoral rights property rights related to water boundaries along an ocean or lake. Chain surveying definition, details, procedure civil. Also, a random line used in a road layout bearing the direction of a line between 0 and 90, measured clockwise or counterclockwise from north or south glossary of terms used in boundary surveying.
The length of chain is the distance between the outside of handles. You must be lucky that you found this page because here im going to explain to you everything about chain surveying like. Standard surveying terms clinton county gis department. What is chain surveying principles, procedure, method, instrument. Line ranger procedure of chain surveying field work in chain surveying. Since the accuracy of the whole survey work depends upon the accuracy of the base line, it should be. Tie stations are selected anywhere on the chain line. Main stations make up the boundaries of the survey and are located at the end of each line, called main survey lines or chain lines. Chain survey procedure, applicability, survey stations. Check lines or proof lines are the the main object of running a tie line. Surveyor swings the tape on chain line and selects the point on the chain where offset distance is the least fig. Longest line of the main survey lines is designated as base line. The longest chain line in chain surveying is often called the base line.
The chain lines joining the tie stations or subsidiary stations are called as tie or subsidiary lines. Suppose ab is a chain line and p is the corner of a building. It indicates the main survey stations, substations, tie stations, base line, arrangement for framework of triangles and the approximate positions of different objects. The first step for both methods is to set out a tape measure through the centre of the area to be recorded, this is called a baseline tape baseline. In surveying,chainage is the measurement of horizon. Each point requires two measurements from two definite reference points on the same line or from two adjacent chain lines. Decorative chain shortens line and and prevents tangling. Subsidiary or the tie stations are the point selected on the main survey lines, where it is necessary to locate the interior detail such as fences, hedges, building etc. Total station a survey instrument that combines a theodolite and distance meter.
There are two major types of stations in chain surveying. Measure the points which are very far away from the main chain lines from tie line i. In chain survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. Chain surveying chain tape surveying is the simplest form of detail surveying. Glossary of terms used in boundary surveying 323 legal description the portion of a deed which describes the property or interest in property being conveyed line the direction in which the instrument vertical cross hair is pointing link 1100 of a chain 0. Chain surveys require a chain, tape, ranging rods, arrows and a timecross staff. These lines help in locating the interior details which are far away from the main survey lines. This sketch is an important document for the surveyor and for the person who will plot the map. The chain was a convenient length for land measurement because 10 square chains 1 acre. It should be noted that plotting triangles requires no angular measurements to be made, if the three sides are known. In this method the lengths of lines marked on the field are measured, while the details are measured by offsets from these line.